Hommage à Chrysler Corp. (1957)
Against a painted beige background, Richard Hamilton depicts the hood of a car and a woman leaning against it in Hommage à Chrysler Corp (1957). She is a mere outline in black and white, with bright red lips inspired by Voluptua a character on American television.
The design of her breast was taken from the ads for Exquisite Form Bra. Both elements Richard Hamilton included direct the viewer to the woman, who would otherwise remain almost invisible.
The car is outlined in pink and grey paint, with the suggestion on a headlight. Richard Hamilton merges together both the woman and the car.
The artwork as it appears today, is not how Richard Hamilton originally created his work. Time has damaged it.
Metal foil that was part of the finished work in 1957 is now missing. An enlarged photo of the air from a jet car had been pasted. Later, it started to detach. Richard Hamilton replaced this in 1996, with another image, a digital scan of the original.
Today, the oil paint, metal foil and digital print on wood artwork by Richard Hamilton is part of the Collection of the Tate Gallery, London, United Kingdom.
Early life
Hamilton was born in Pimlico, London on 24 February 1922. Despite having left school with no formal qualifications, he managed to gain employment as an apprentice working at an electrical components firm, where he discovered an ability for draughtsmanship and began to do painting at evening classes at Saint Martin’s School of Art and at the Westminster School of Art. In 1938, he enrolled in the Royal Academy of Arts.
After spending World War II working as a technical draftsman, he re-enrolled at the Royal Academy Schools but was expelled in 1946 on grounds of «not profiting from the instruction». Loss of his student status forced Hamilton to carry out National Service. After two years at the Slade School of Art, University College London, Hamilton began exhibiting his work at the Institute of Contemporary Arts (ICA), where he also produced posters and leaflets. He taught at the Central School of Art and Design from 1952 until 1966.
Приложения
Библиография
- Ричард Гамильтон , Коринна Diserens (сбор и представление) и Гезина Tosin (сбор и представление) ( в переводе Жанна Bouniort), Le Grand Déciffreur — Ричард Гамильтон на Дюшана -, выбор сочинения, интервью и письмо , Манчестер, Англия, Cornerhouse, колл. «Чтения Красного Дома»,январь 2010( 1- е изд., Сентябрь 2009 г., JRP / Ringier, Цюрих, Швейцария), 272 с. , 22,5 см × 14,5 см ; 79 черно-белых иллюстраций
- Брижит Обри, Ричард Гамильтон: художник современной внешности (1950-2007) , Дижон, Франция, Les Presses du Réel , колл. «Перегиб»,2009 г., 640 с. , 17 см × 20 см ; 53 иллюстрации цв.
- (ru) Роджер Беван, «Ричард Гамильтон: образ и процесс», Print Quarterly , vol. 1, п о 2, 1984
Внешние ссылки
О других проектах Викимедиа:
Ричард Гамильтон (художник) , на Wikimedia Commons
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Авторитетные записи :
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- Ресурсы изобразительного искусства :
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Лауреаты Praemium Imperiale живописи |
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| Виллем де Кунинг и Дэвид Хокни (1989) · Антони Тапиес (1990) · Балтус (1991) · Пьер Сулаж (1992) · Джаспер Джонс (1993) · Зао Ву-Ки (1994) · Роберто Матта (1995) · Сай Твомбли ( 1996) · Герхард Рихтер (1997) · Роберт Раушенберг (1998) · Ансельм Кифер (1999) · Эллсуорт Келли (2000) · Lee Уфан (2001) · Зигмар Польке (2002) · Бриджет Райли (2003) · Georg Baselitz (2004) · Роберт Райман (2005) · Яёи Кусама (2006) · Даниэль Бурен (2007) · Ричард Гамильтон (2008) · Хироши Сугимото (2009) · Энрико Кастеллани (2010) · Билл Виола (2011) · Цай Го-Цян (2012) · Микеланджело Пистолетто (2013) · Рэйсс (2014) · Таданори Йоку (2015) · Синди Шерман (2016) · Ширин Нешат (2017) · Алешинский (2018) · Уильям Кентридж (2019) |
- Портал живописи
- Портал современного искусства
- Портал Великобритании
The Early Years and Richard Hamilton
Hamilton was born to be an artist. About his early childhood achievements in art Richard Hamilton would later say, “I suppose I was a misfit. I decided I was interested in drawing when I was 10. I saw a notice in the library advertising art classes. The teacher told me that he couldn’t take me – these were adult classes, I was too young – but when he saw my drawing, he told me that I might as well come back next week.”
After working as a technical draftsman, Richard Hamilton enrolled at the Royal Academy School, in London. He later enrolled at Slade School of Art, where he studied painting with instructor William Coldstream.
Траектория
В 1950-х годах его работа под влиянием Сезанна , кубизма , футуризма и хронофотографии связана с движением или перспективой. 1952 год стал ключевым в его творческой карьере. В том же году он начал преподавать типографику и промышленный дизайн в Центральной школе искусств и дизайна в Лондоне. В то же время вместе с Эдуардо Паолоцци , Лоуренсом Аллоуэем , Элисон и Питером Смитсоном и Найджелом Хендерсоном он основал Независимую группу в Институте современного искусства в Лондоне (ICA).
В 1956 году для Художественной галереи Уайтчепел была организована выставка под названием « Это завтраГамильтон организовал вклад Independent Group в шоу, в котором он представит свой коллаж . Что делает сегодняшние дома такими разными, такими привлекательными? ( Но что же делает сегодняшние дома такими разными, такими привлекательными? ), который станет манифестом британского поп-арта, движения, в котором он сыграет важную роль.
В этой работе проявляются многие элементы американской массовой культуры : девушка из журнала (см.: пин-ап и девушка с обложки ), бодибилдер, телевизор, логотип Ford , обложка комикса , пылесос, афиша кино, портрет столетнего предка и огромный леденец ( леденец на палочке или леденец), который бодибилдер держит как теннисную ракетку, и все это под планетой Земля как под крышей. С тех пор его творчество будет питаться мотивами и элементами популярной и массовой культуры.
Exhibitions
The first exhibition of Hamilton’s paintings was shown at the Hanover Gallery, London, in 1955. In 1993 Hamilton represented Great Britain at the Venice Biennale and was awarded the Golden Lion. Major retrospective exhibitions have been organized by the Tate Gallery, London, 1970 and 1992, Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, New York, 1973, MACBA, Barcelona, Museum Ludwig, Cologne, 2003, and the Neue Nationalgalerie, Berlin, 1974. Some of the group exhibitions Hamilton participated in include: Documenta 4, Kassel, 1968; São Paulo Art Biennial, 1989; Documenta X, Kassel 1997; Gwangju Biennale, 2004; and Shanghai Biennale, 2006. In 2010, the Serpentine Gallery presented Hamilton’s ‘Modern Moral Matters’, an exhibition focusing on his political and protest works which were shown previously in 2008 at Inverleith House, Royal Botanic Garden in Edinburgh. For the season 2001/2002 in the Vienna State Opera Richard Hamilton designed the large scale picture (176 sqm) «Retard en Fer – Delay in Iron» as part of the exhibition series «Safety Curtain», conceived by museum in progress. Just the week prior to his death the artist was working with the Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofía, Madrid, to prepare a major museum retrospective of his oeuvre that had already been scheduled to open first at Tate Modern, London, on 13 February 2014, travelling later to Madrid where it will open on 24 June 2014.
In 2011 Dublin City Gallery The Hugh Lane showed a joint retrospective exhibition of both Hamilton’s and Rita Donagh’s work called «Civil Rights etc.» That same year, the Minneapolis Institute of Arts showcased Hamilton’s work in Richard Hamilton: Pop Art Pioneer, 1922-2011. The National Gallery’s «Richard Hamilton: The Late Works» opened in 2012. A major retrospective at Tate Modern in 2014 was «the first retrospective to encompass the full scope of Hamilton’s work, from his early exhibition designs of the 1950s to his final paintings of 2011. exhibition explores his relationship to design, painting, photography and television, as well as his engagement and collaborations with other artists».
Библиография
- Люси Р. Липпард, поп-арт , Лондон, Темза и Гудзон, 1985
- Ричард Гамильтон, Сборник слов 1953-1982 , Нью-Йорк, Темза и Гудзон, 1983
- Дэвид Роббинс (редактор), Независимая группа: послевоенная Британия и эстетика изобилия , MIT Press, 1990
- Ричард Гамильтон (каталог выставки), Лондон, Галерея Тейт, 1992
- Этьен Луллин, Ричард Гамильтон, Стивен Коппель (редакторы), Ричард Гамильтон: Печать и множественные копии 1939-2002 , Рихтер, 2004
- Джон Ричардсон, Ричард Корк, Ричард Гамильтон, Гамильтон , Дикинсон, 2006
- Хэл Фостер и Алекс Бэкон (редакторы), Ричард Гамильтон , Лондон, MIT Press, 2010
The Independent Group and Richard Hamilton
Early in his career Richard Hamilton met and befriended other artists including Eduardo Paolozzi. The two were part of the Independent Group. This art centric group formed in London, in the early 1950s and included art critic Lawrence Alloway, architects Alison and Peter Smith, Richard Hamilton, and Paolozzi.
The Independent Group held meetings to discuss popular culture including, films, books, advertising, and innovative technologies in household appliances.
Richard Hamilton was inspired by the works of Paolozzi, especially collages he had started in the late 1940s. Paolozzi presented these at a meeting of the Independent Group, in 1952. Richard Hamilton would take the Pop art movement and expand it.
внешние ссылки
- Wikimedia Commons содержит медиа-категорию для Ричарда Гамильтона .
- Отрывки из разговора с Ричардом Гамильтоном в 2003 году (подкаст)
- Коллекция Тейт
- МоМА
- Ричард Гамильтон: биография и критический анализ
- Массовая культура и эссе личной ответственности Ричарда Гамильтона. МАКБА . Барселона, 2010.
- Разговор между Ричардом Гамильтоном и Майклом Крейгом-Мартином
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- Данные: Q159465
- Мультимедиа:
Just what is it that makes today’s homes so different, so appealing? (1956)
Just what is it that makes today’s home so different, so appealing?1956. Peter Hamilton. Kunsthalle Tübingen, Tübingen.
Just what is it that makes today’s home so different, so appealing? by English Pop art artist Richard Hamilton (1922-2011) is often called genius in the Pop art world. One of his earliest works, using images from illustrated American magazines for the early work collage, Richard Hamilton took the title of the work was taken directly from an advertisement in a 1955 copy of Ladies’ Home Journal. The setting for the room came from an ad for Armstrong Floors.
A husband and wife are surrounded by luxury furniture. The muscular man is naked, except for a strategically placed lollipop, with the word POP on it. The oversized lollipop Richard Hamilton added has been likened to future sculptures by Swiss American Pop art artist Claes Oldenburg.
The glamorized wife poses like a 1950s pin-up girl and wears pasties over her nipples. There is a television playing in the background, and a large tape recorder at the man’s feet.
On the walls, Richard Hamilton hangs a Victorian portrait, representing the past, a crest from the Ford Motor Company, and a poster from a modern-day comic book called Young Romance. It has been noted that adding the comic book element occurred years before American Pop art artist Roy Lichtenstein, started incorporating the same Young Romance comics into his work.
The same can be said about the grocery store ready canned ham, which also appears in Just what is it that makes today’s homes so different, so appealing?. American Pop art artist Andy Warhol later included grocery shelf products in his artwork, as a criticism on consumer products and consumption.
At the upper right of Just what is it that makes today’s homes so different, so appealing?, is a woman cleaning in a red dress, using a vacuum cleaner, with an impossibly long hose, reaching to the very top of the stairs. These innovative technologies were all in demand to make life easier.
Выставки
Первая выставка картин Гамильтона была показана в Ганноверской галерее в Лондоне в 1955 году. В 1993 году Гамильтон представлял Великобританию на Венецианской биеннале и был удостоен Золотого льва . Крупные ретроспективные выставки были организованы галереей Тейт , Лондон, 1970 и 1992 годы, Музеем Соломона Р. Гуггенхайма , Нью-Йорк, 1973, MACBA , Барселона, Музеем Людвига , Кельн, 2003, и Новой национальной галереей , Берлин, 1974. Некоторые из Групповые выставки, в которых участвовал Гамильтон, включают: Documenta 4, Кассель, 1968; Биеннале искусств Сан-Паулу , 1989; Documenta X, Кассель 1997; Биеннале в Кванджу , 2004 г .; и Шанхайская биеннале , 2006. В 2010 году галерея Serpentine представила выставку Гамильтона «Современные моральные вопросы», посвященную его политическим и протестным работам, которые ранее демонстрировались в 2008 году в Inverleith House , Королевском ботаническом саду в Эдинбурге. В сезоне 2001/2002 в Венской государственной опере Рихард Гамильтон разработал крупномасштабную картину (176 кв.м) «Retard en Fer — Delay in Iron» в рамках серии выставок «Защитный занавес», задуманной музеем в стадии разработки . Буквально за неделю до своей смерти художник работал с Национальным музеем Centro de Arte Reina Sofía в Мадриде, чтобы подготовить крупную музейную ретроспективу своего творчества, открытие которой было запланировано на 13 февраля 2014 года в лондонской галерее Тейт Модерн . , а затем отправимся в Мадрид, где он откроется 24 июня 2014 года.
В 2011 году в городской галерее Дублина The Hugh Lane была показана совместная ретроспективная выставка работ Гамильтона и Риты Донах под названием «Гражданские права и т. Д.». В том же году Институт искусств Миннеаполиса продемонстрировал работы Гамильтона в книге « Ричард Гамильтон: пионер поп-арта, 1922–2011» . Национальная галерея «s„Ричард Гамильтон: Позднемеловые завод“открыт в 2012 году большую ретроспективу в Tate Modern в 2014 году была«первая ретроспектива , чтобы охватить весь объем работ Гамильтона, от его ранней выставки дизайна 1950 — х годов в его последней картины 2011 года. выставка исследует его отношение к дизайну, живописи, фотографии и телевидению, а также его участие и сотрудничество с другими художниками ».
Recognition
Hamilton was awarded the William and Noma Copley Foundation Award, 1960; the John Moores Painting Prize, 1969; the Talens Prize International, 1970; the Leone d’Oro for his exhibition in the British Pavilion at the Venice Biennale, 1993; the Arnold Bode Prize at Documenta X, Kassel, 1997; and the Max Beckmann Prize for Painting of the City of Frankfurt, 2006. He was made a Member of the Order of the Companions of Honour (CH) in 2000. He was presented with a special award by The Bogside Artists of Derry at the Royal College of Art in 2010. The School of Arts building at Oxford Brookes University is named in his honour.
Richard Hamilton and The Pop Art Breakthrough
This is Tomorrow, a breakthrough exhibit at White Chapel Art Gallery, in London’s East End, in 1956, is today considered the official start of the Pop art movement as a collective. This proto-Pop art installation featured the works of painters, sculptures, and architects.
Richard Hamilton designed the poster for the exhibit, which later was known as his seminal collage artwork, Just what is it that makes today’s home so different, so appealing? (1956). The early work poster was reproduced in the accompanying catalogue for This is Tomorrow in black and white.
Also, part of this exhibit was the collaborative early work between Richard Hamilton and architect John Voelcker called Funhouse (1956).
Richard Hamilton would soon after describe Pop art as “Pop art is: Popular, transient, expendable, low-cost, mass-produced, young, witty, sexy, gimmicky, glamorous, and Big Business.” This captured the spirit of the Pop art movement and is now the standard definition.
биография
Ричард Гамильтон родился 24 февраля 1922 г.в Лондоне .
Он учился в Королевской академии, затем (с по ) посещал школу изящных искусств Слейда в Лондоне. Он является частью Независимой группы, созданной в Институте современного искусства в Лондоне, у истоков очень ярких выставок, в частности « Это завтра» ( ), которые создают поп-арт . Сам он определяет поп-арт как искусство: «популярное, эфемерное, одноразовое, дешевое, массовое, привлекательное, полное уловок и за которое платят большие деньги». Его работы. Что же делает сегодняшние дома такими разными, такими привлекательными? является одним из первых в этом движении. Это считается основополагающим произведением этого движения поп-арта. Как и его американские коллеги, они клеймят прежде всего клише мира СМИ и чрезмерного потребления. Он организовал первую европейскую ретроспективу Марселя Дюшана в галерее Тейт Модерн в 1966 году. Вместе с Полом Маккартни он разработал обложку белого альбома Beatles .
После занятий абстрактной живописью он вернулся к фигуративному искусству в 1990-х годах .
В 2000 году он стал членом Ордена почетных соратников (CH). Ричард Гамильтон также был награжден в 2008 году Премиум Империале .
Ричард Гамильтон умер 13 сентября 2011 г. В Лондоне.
Summary of Richard Hamilton
Richard Hamilton was the founder of Pop art and a visionary who outlined its aims and ideals. A lollipop from one of his early collages furnished the movement with its title. His visual juxtapositions from the 1950s were the first to capture the frenetic energy of television, and remind us of how strange the vacuum, tape recorder, and radio must have seemed for the first generations that experienced them. «Pop art» the British artist declared, would be: «Popular, transient, expendable, low-cost, mass-produced, young, witty, sexy, gimmicky, glamorous, and Big Business.» While less of a household name than Andy Warhol, it was Hamilton who laid the groundwork for Pop art, and first defined its aims and ideals.
Just what is it that makes today’s homes so different? (1992)
Just what is it that makes today’s homes so different? (1992) Richard Hamilton. Tate Gallery, London, United Kingdom.
The BBC commissioned Richard Hamilton, in 1992, to recreate and update his original work Just what is it that makes today’s home so different, so appealing?, one of his earlier works from 1956. This time, the subject was a household in the 1990s.
Richard Hamilton chose to represent the man in the home as an accountant, and the woman as a body builder. The work was crafted as a digital collage using a Quantel Paintbox, which he had just started using in 1978.
The inspiration for the bedroom was pulled from a Spanish postcard. This was digitally scanned and enlarged. The wallpaper is from a scan of a circuit board. There are views from two windows. One shows a tank from the Gulf War, the other is a crowd of people from Ethiopia. A small bust of former Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher and is a microwave that sits on the table.
About using the Quantel Paintbox Richard Hamilton said, “My learning curve was … like a vertical wall … Canon loaned a large copier which could also be used to print files sent to it from a computer. This was an ideal instrument to produce A4 proofs as my image developed. Looking for a subject, I turned to the old collage that seemed due for an update. It provided an opportunity to assess how life had changed since 1956, so the list of items I deemed of importance then would be a logical starting point: man, woman, humanity, history, food, newspapers, cinema, TV, telephone, comics, words, tape recording, cars, domestic appliances, space.”
The interview from which this is quoted was part of a six-part series called Painting by Light, featuring artists and computer technology from BBC.
Useful Resources on Richard Hamilton
Books
websites
articles
video clips
Books
The books and articles below constitute a bibliography of the sources used in the writing of this page. These also suggest some accessible resources for further research, especially ones that can be found and purchased via the internet.
biography
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Richard Hamilton (Tate Modern Catalogue)Our Pick
Edited by Mark Godfrey
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Richard Hamilton
By Benjamin H. D. Buchloh and Michael Bracewell -
Richard Hamilton (October Files)
By Hal Foster -
Richard Hamilton — Swingeing London 67 (f) (Afterall)
By Andrew Wilson
british pop art
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When Britain went Pop — British Pop Art: The Early Years
By Marco Livingstone -
British Pop Art and Post-ModernismOur Pick
By Justyna Stpie
View more books
websites
articles
video clips
My Marilyn (Paste Up) (1965) by Richard Hamilton
My Marilyn (Paste Up) (1965) Richard Hamilton. Museum of Modern Art, New York.
This screenprint work by Richard Hamilton, in the Museum of Modern Art, in New York, was created after the suicide of Marilyn Monroe. Here, Richard Hamilton takes multiple publicity photos that appeared in a British magazine after her death. The black and white photos, of the actress posing on a beach in a bikini are washed with pink, blue and orange.
Most of the images contain an x over them. The x was originally hand-drawn by Monroe. Richard Hamilton decided to keep her x , and not create his own. Instead, he enlarged the actress’s handwriting and used the techniques of masking, screening, and overprinting to include it.
Accomplishments
- Hamilton introduced the idea of the artist as an active consumer and contributor to mass culture. Up until then (especially in Abstract Expressionist circles) the prevailing view was that art should be separate from commerce. Hamilton gave other artists permission to consider all visual sources, especially those generated by the commercial sector. There is no more influential idea in art to this day.
- For Hamilton, Pop art was not just a movement, but a way of life. It meant total immersion in popular culture: movies, television, magazines and music. As his alignment with the Rolling Stones and the Beatles (for whom he designed The White Album cover as a limited-edition print) demonstrates, he succeeded in bridging this gap between high art and consumer culture, paving the way for Andy Warhol, Studio 54, and the Velvet Underground.
- With uncanny accuracy, his work seems to predict that of nearly every other major Pop artist. Details in «Just what is it that makes today’s homes so different, so appealing?» in particular, read like a crystal ball containing Warhol, Lichtenstein, Wesselmann, and Oldenburg, before these artists’ careers had developed. Of course, the reality was that all these artists were looking closely at his work, and used it to come up with their own ideas.
- Hamilton reminds us that Pop art originated in England. He was among a group of young British artists, architects and critics who got together in the 1950s to discuss aspects of visual culture that weren’t considered part of a traditional artist’s training — cowboy movies, science fiction, billboards, and household appliances. Most of these were imports from America, which made them especially fascinating. Before coming up with Pop, the term they used for the movement was «the new brutalism» — more descriptive of the deliberate assault on general art themes and depictions that one finds in Hamilton’s imagery.
Ранние годы
Гамильтон родился в Пимлико , Лондон, 24 февраля 1922 года. Несмотря на то, что он бросил школу без формальной квалификации, ему удалось устроиться подмастерьем на фирму по производству электрических компонентов, где он обнаружил способность к рисованию и начал рисовать по вечерам. классы в Школе искусств Сен-Мартен и в Вестминстерской школе искусств . В 1938 году он поступил в Королевскую академию художеств .
Проведя Вторую мировую войну, работая чертежником, он повторно поступил в школы Королевской академии, но в 1946 году был исключен из школы за то, что «не получил прибыли от обучения». Утрата студенческого статуса вынудила Гамильтона пройти национальную службу . После двух лет в Slade Школе искусств , Университетский колледж, Лондон , Гамильтон начал показывать свою работу в Институте современного искусства (ICA), где он также подготовил плакаты и листовки. С 1952 по 1966 год преподавал в Центральной художественно-дизайнерской школе .