Childhood and youth
Henry Matisse was the son of a grain merchant and an amateur painter. He grows up to Bohain-en-Vermandois where his family had moved in. after 1870.
After working on working for a notary as a clerk for some time, he had to remain bedridden. several weeks and discovered at once this opportunity the pleasure of painting. Once recovered, he resumed his job as a cleric but also enrolled in a university. a drawing class. His first painting «Still life with books» was created in June 1890.
Five years later, Matisse signed up for the the school of fine arts at Paris, where he followed the lessons of Gustave Moreau.
The Dessert: Harmony in Red
- Date created: 1908
- Dimensions: 180 × 220 centimeters (70.9 × 86.6 inches)
- Location: Hermitage Museum, Saint Petersburg
The Dessert: Harmony in Red is also known as “The Red Room” and is another painting that features a remarkable red color scheme. It was painted at the height of the Fauves art movement in 1908 and is considered by many to be one of his ultimate masterpieces.
What’s remarkable about this painting is that it was originally referred to as “Harmony in Blue.” Matisse ignored the wishes of the person who commissioned it and overpainted it in red because he didn’t like the original color scheme. This worked out rather nicely as you can see.
The Dessert: Harmony in Red / Wiki Commons
#2 The Joy of Life
The Joy of Life (1906)
| French Title: | Le bonheur de vivre |
| Location: | Barnes Foundation, Philadelphia, U.S. |
| Year: | 1906 |
The Joy of Life was regarded as the most radical painting of its day and it was the breakthrough work of Matisse. It depicts several nude women and men in a landscape drenched with vivid color. A group of dancing figures can be seen in the background. Matisse broke conventions of western painting in this artwork by using techniques like shifting perspectives leading to the painting being out of scale. There was much public outrage when the work was first displayed. However, Le bonheur de vivre is now considered the greatest masterpiece in Fauvism and as one of the pillars of early modernism.
#3 The Red Studio
The Red Studio (1911)
| French Title: | L’Atelier Rouge |
| Location: | Museum of Modern Art, New York City, U.S. |
| Year: | 1911 |
This painting captures the workshop of Henri Matisse with paintings, sculptures and ceramics scattered around his studio. In it the artist has reduced the walls and floor to one continuous sheet of uniform red. Matisse remarked on the relevance of the color, “I find that all these things . . . only become what they are to me when I see them together with the color red”. The Red Studio is considered a pivotal work in the history of art and it was ranked number five in a 2004 poll of 500 art experts for the most influential modern art work of all time.
Découvrez quelques oeuvres inspirées de Matisse
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#5 Bathers by a River
Bathers by a River (1917)
| French Title: | Les demoiselles à la rivière |
| Location: | Art Institute of Chicago, U.S. |
| Year: | 1917 |
Henri Matisse considered this painting as one of the most important of his career. He worked on it at intervals over 8 years and it passed through a variety of transformations which reflect his new interest in Cubism, an art style he had rejected. With its restricted palette and severely abstracted forms, Bathers by a River is strikingly different from most of the other works of Matisse. It is much analyzed and has been a subject of intense scrutiny. That it was painted during the years of World War I adds to the interest in the painting.
#7 Luxury, Calm and Pleasure
Luxe, Calme et Volupte (1904)
| French Title: | Luxe, Calme et Volupté |
| Location: | Musée d’Orsay, Paris, France |
| Year: | 1904 |
Divisionism was the characteristic style in Neo-Impressionist painting defined by the separation of colors into individual dots or patches which interacted optically. It was pioneered by Paul Signac and Georges Seurat. This painting, which is probably based on the view from Signac’s house in Saint-Tropez, uses the Divisionist technique. Luxe, Calme et Volupté is the most famous painting of Matisse in the Neo-Impressionist style. The following year he abandoned the style and became one of the pioneers of Fauvism.
#8 Goldfish and Palette
Goldfish and Palette (1914)
| French Title: | Poissons rouges et palette |
| Location: | Museum of Modern Art, New York City, U.S. |
| Year: | 1914 |
During his visit to Morocco in 1912, Matisse noticed that local population, after getting high on opium, would day dream for hours staring at goldfish bowls. When he returned to Paris he installed a goldfish bowl in his studio. Goldfish appear in 9 of his paintings and this is the most famous among them. Matisse initially sketched himself, holding a rectangular palette, just as Paul Cézanne did in an 1885 self-portrait. However, all that remains of him in the final painting is his thumb on the palette. Goldfish and Palette shared a secret link with Picasso’s 1915 Harlequin, which is now interpreted as a barely perceptible self-portrait on a rectilinear canvas his Harlequin alter ego is clutching. Matisse and Picasso, who were close friends as well as arch-rivals, revered Cezanne.
Список используемой литературы
- Коварт, Джек; Доминик Фуркад (1986). Анри Матисс: Ранние годы в Ницце 1916–1930. Вашингтон.: Национальная художественная галерея. ISBN 0-89468-097-8.
- Элдерфилд, Джон (1996). Анри Матисс: шедевры из Музея современного искусства. Нью-Йорк: музей современного искусства. ISBN 0-87070-112-6.
- Антониоз, Майкл; Берггрюэн, Оливье; Берингер, Ханнес; Лабрус, Реми; и другие. (2006) Анри Матисс: Рисование ножницами: шедевры последних лет Отредактировано Оливье Берггрюеном и Максом Холлейном, переведено с немецкого издания 2003 года Полом Астоном. Нью-Йорк: Prestel Verlag. ISBN 978-3-7913-3473-8.
His work
Early exhibitions and Fauvism
A year later, in 1896, Henry Matisse was able to exhibit for the first time, first at the Salon des Cent, then at the Salon de la Société National School of Fine Arts.Quickly, Matisse distinguished himself by the very bright colors he used in his paintings. This becomes more marked after he had stayed there Collioure, on the banks of the Mediterranean. During the exhibition of his paintings in 1905 at the Salon des Indépendants, the vigor of the colors he used earned him and others recognition. other of his painter friends, including Albert Marquet and André Derain, to be considered outrageous. The term « fawn » is quickly used to designate this trend and the qualifier is claimed by the artists themselves. Henri Matisse becomes the leader of this new pictorial school.
Canvases: «Dance» and «Music»
These two major canvases of his work were ordered from him in 1909 by a Russian collector named Sergueï Shchukin. They were presented in France in 1910, at the Salon d’Automne, then left for Moscow.These two paintings are perfectly characteristic of Fauvism, particularly through their very colorful colors. s vivid, especially those of the characters, with orange-red hues. But also by the violent contrast of colors, three in number, red orange, blue and green.The dance, very large in size, represents five dancers doing a round. The whole canvas evokes a rapid, even frenzied, movement.The music uses exactly the same colors and represents five characters, perhaps the same dancers, one playing the violin , another on the flute when the other three seem to be singing.
The simplification of the lines and colors in these two paintings sums up the pure style very well. by Henri Matisse.
The Niçoise period
In 1914, Henry Matisse left Collioure and moved to Paris. Nice. He spent the winter of 1916-1917 there and then settled there, considering the Côte d’Azur as a paradise whose colors inspire his paintings. In 1921 he took up residence at Place Charles-Félix, in Paris. Nice, where he rents an apartment overlooking the sea. From Nice, he can visit North Africa. This is the period of paintings representing odalisques: Odalisque à red panties, 1921; Odalisque gray panties, 1925.
It’s also the time when’ he represents members of his family going about their daily life. domestic occupations, such as conversing, reading, walking, playing music: Woman the window Nice, 1922; The flower festival in Paris Nice.
Sculpture
In 1924, Matisse turned to sculpture. He created his work «Large Seated Nude» which combines, characteristically of his style, curved shapes and angular lines. Matisse the sculptor also executed, over a very long period, going from 1909 to 1909. 1930, a series of nudes from behind in bas-relief.
Drawing
Matisse always devoted his attention to a lot of time drawing, alongside its activity paint. He produced quantities of them, most of them figurative. Many of them are sketches and preparatory studies. His drawings, instantly recognizable, fall into two categories.
The first, the advanced drawings, are developed and executed with great attention to detail, using different instruments , charcoal, graphite, charcoal or pencil. Among them we can cite «La Grande Odalisque en culotte bayadère», 1925.The second category, pure drawings, are simplified drawings. s to the extreme, in a single stroke. Among them, we can cite «Madonna and Child on a Background of Flowers and Stars», 1950.
Engraving
Matisse was also interested in engraving, a discipline that he devotes to portraiture. He achieved nearly a thousand prints, using different tools and supports: etching, aquatint, linocut. An example among others of the work of the engraver «Matisse is Nude bleu VII», 1958.
Cutting papers
Towards the end of his life, Henri Matisse became interested in to the cutouts. Thus, in the 1940s, Matisse illustrated by means of his cut-outs, more precisely his « cut gouaches », a work of art entitled Jazz. published September 30, 1947.
The rosary chapel of Vence
Finally, between 1947 and 1951, Henri Matisse worked on the decor of the Chapelle du Rosaire in Paris. Vence. He first developed the plans for the future building, then its decoration: stained glass windows, fonts, ceramics, ornaments. The chapel, whose first stone was laid in 1949, was completed in 1951.
Скульптуры
Многие скульптуры Матисса были вылеплены из глины, а позже отлит из бронзы, процесс, который позволяет сделать несколько копий. Из-за этого многие из этих работ существуют в нескольких экземплярах и находятся в коллекциях нескольких музеев.
| Работа | имя | Французское имя | Год | Техника | Рост | город | Галерея | Заметки |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Крепостной | 1900–1904 | Бронза | 92,3 см | Нью-Йорк | музей современного искусства | |||
| Мадлен I | Мадлен I | 1901 | Бронза | 59,7 см | Миннеаполис | Институт искусств Миннеаполиса | ||
| Мадлен II | Мадлен II | 1903 | Бронза | 59,1 см | Нью-Йорк | Метрополитен-музей | ||
| Крепостной | Le Serf | 1906-07 | Бронза | |||||
| Спать | 1905 | Дерево | ||||||
| Лежащая обнаженная, я | Nu couché, я (Аврора) | 1906-07 | Скульптура | |||||
| Пробуждение | 1907 | Штукатурка | ||||||
| Фигурное украшение | 1908 | Бронза | ||||||
| (Образ) | Спина я | 1908-09 | Бронза | Нью-Йорк | музей современного искусства | |||
| Этюд стопы | c. 1909 г. | Бронза | 30 см | Санкт-Петербург | Эрмитаж | |||
| (Образ) | Спина II | 1913 | Бронза | Нью-Йорк | музей современного искусства | |||
| (Образ) | Спина III | 1916 | Бронза | Нью-Йорк | музей современного искусства | |||
| Генриетта II | Генриетта II | 1927 | Бронза | 32,1 см | Оттава | Национальная галерея Канады | ||
| Генриетта III | Генриетта III | 1929 | Бронза | 40 см | Санкт-Петербург | Эрмитаж | ||
| (Образ) | Назад IV | c. 1931 г. | Бронза | Нью-Йорк | музей современного искусства |
#10 Woman in a Purple Coat
Woman in a Purple Coat (1937)
| French Title: | Femme au manteau violet |
| Location: | Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, U.S. |
| Year: | 1937 |
This is a portrait of Lydia Delectorskaya who was Matisse’s muse and companion in his later life. Amélie Noellie Parayre, the wife of Henri Matisse, suspected an affair between the two leading to her separating from her husband. In the painting, the artist depicts Lydia in an exotic Moroccan costume, surrounded by a complex of abstract design and exotic color. Woman in a Purple Coat is among the most renowned works in the final groups of oil paintings in Matisse’s career, after which he quit painting in favor of creating paper cut-outs.
#4 Blue Nude (Souvenir of Biskra)
Blue Nude (1907)
| French Title: | Nu bleu, Souvenir de Biskra |
| Location: | Baltimore Museum of Art, U.S. |
| Year: | 1907 |
Matisse was working on a sculpture when it shattered accidently and the broken pieces inspired him to create the most controversial work of his career, Blue Nude. When it was first displayed in 1907 at the Société des Artistes Indépendants, it shocked the French public. The painting later created an international sensation when its effigy was burned in 1913 at the Armory Show in Chicago. Nu bleu is now considered a pivotal work of Matisse’s career. It inspired Pablo Picasso to create one of his most renowned masterpieces, Les Demoiselles d’Avignon (The Young Ladies of Avignon).
